Efectos de los suplementos de proteína y aminoácidos de cadena ramificada en entrenamiento de fuerza: revisión bibliográfica

Autores/as

  • Jordi Rabassa-Blanco Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Blanquerana, Universidad Ramon Llull, Barcelona
  • Imma Palma-Linares Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Blanquerana, Universidad Ramon Llull, Barcelona, España

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.21.1.220

Palabras clave:

Aminoácidos ramificados, Proteína de suero, Suplementos dietéticos, Entrenamiento de fuerza, Fatiga, Composición corporal

Resumen

Introducción: Los suplementos de proteína y aminoácidos de cadena ramificada (BCAAs) son consumidos por la población buscando una serie de efectos fisiológicos y metabólicos sobre el rendimiento y recuperación, entre otros. Objetivos: Revisión de las publicaciones más recientes que estudien los efectos del consumo de suplementos de proteína y BCAAs en entrenamiento de fuerza en diferentes parámetros fisiológicos y metabólicos.

Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo de revisión bibliográfica. Se realizó una búsqueda específica de palabras clave en la base de datos PubMed y estrategia de bola de nieve. Criterios de inclusión: estudios realizados en humanos de ≥ 18 años sin patología, metaanálisis, revisiones sistemáticas y ensayos clínicos controlados aleatorizados en inglés y español relacionados con el consumo de suplementos de proteína y/o BCAAs en entrenamiento de fuerza y sus efectos sobre el daño muscular, respuesta anabólica en la recuperación muscular, ganancia de masa muscular y fuerza, composición corporal y fatiga.

Resultados: 64 estudios identificados mediante la ecuación de búsqueda, 20 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. La media aritmética de los sujetos participantes fue igual a (30,59 ± 24,47).

Conclusiones: Los suplementos de proteína podrían tener un efecto positivo en el aumento del rendimiento y la masa muscular, pero hacen falta más estudios para esclarecer su posible beneficio sobre la composición corporal, la fatiga, la atenuación y reducción del dolor y daño muscular. La leucina tiene efecto en el aumento de la masa muscular y su función en población de edad avanzada. Los BCAAs podrían actuar sobre la atenuación de la fatiga central y en la mejora del rendimiento.

Citas

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Publicado

2017-04-04

Cómo citar

Rabassa-Blanco, J., & Palma-Linares, I. (2017). Efectos de los suplementos de proteína y aminoácidos de cadena ramificada en entrenamiento de fuerza: revisión bibliográfica. Revista Española De Nutrición Humana Y Dietética, 21(1), 55–73. https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.21.1.220