Investigación de la Ortorexia en madres lactantes, adaptación de la escala revisada de ortorexia nerviosa al turco
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.29.4.2527Palabras clave:
Ortorexia nerviosa, Madres lactantes, Escala ORTO-R, Validez, FiabilidadResumen
Introducción: El creciente énfasis en la alimentación saludable ha dado lugar a la ortorexia nerviosa, una obsesión patológica por la calidad de los alimentos que afecta especialmente a las mujeres. Las madres lactantes, preocupadas por la nutrición óptima de sus bebés, pueden correr un riesgo especial. El objetivo de este estudio fue traducir la Escala Revisada de Ortorexia Nerviosa (ORTO-R) al turco, evaluar su validez y fiabilidad, y determinar las tendencias ortoréxicas entre las madres lactantes.
Metodología: Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal entre enero y diciembre de 2023 en cinco centros de salud familiar de Afyonkarahisar (Turquía), con 388 madres lactantes reclutadas mediante muestreo aleatorio simple. Los datos se recopilaron utilizando la ORTO-R turca, la EAT-26 y la EDE-Q Short Form. La evaluación psicométrica incluyó pruebas piloto, validez de contenido, EFA, CFA y fiabilidad mediante los métodos alfa de Cronbach y split-half. Los análisis se realizaron en SPSS 27.0 (p < 0,05).
Resultados: La puntuación media del ORTO-R fue de 16,36 (4,77). El EFA conservó todos los ítems y reveló una estructura de dos factores; el CFA indicó un buen ajuste (χ²/df = 0,93, RMSEA = 0,00). El alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,724; los coeficientes de Spearman-Brown y Guttman de mitad dividida fueron de 0,703 y 0,692, lo que confirma la consistencia interna. Las puntuaciones medias del EAT-26 y del EDE-Q Short Form fueron de 11,07 (10,22) y 1,66 (1,11), respectivamente. Se observaron correlaciones positivas significativas entre las puntuaciones de ORTO-R, EAT-26 y EDE-Q Short Form (p < 0,05).
Conclusión: La escala ORTO-R turca es válida y fiable para evaluar las tendencias ortoréxicas en madres lactantes.
Citas
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